Cancel factors, not terms

Factor the numerator and denominator before cancelling common factors. A denominator may never be zero.

(x² − 4)/(x + 2) = x − 2, with x ≠ −2.

Find a common denominator

When adding fractions, rewrite each one using the same denominator, then add the numerators.

1/x + 1/(x + 1) = (2x + 1)/(x(x + 1)), with x ≠ 0 and x ≠ −1.

Multiply and divide

Multiply numerators together and denominators together. To divide, multiply by the reciprocal of the second fraction; that fraction must be nonzero.

(2x/3) × (9/(4x)) = 3/2, with x ≠ 0.